A hysteroscopy is a medical procedure used to examine and treat problems within the uterus, often related to fertility issues. It involves inserting a thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope through the cervix into the uterus, allowing the doctor to see the uterine lining and identify abnormalities. In fertility cases, hysteroscopy is typically performed to investigate causes of recurrent miscarriages, abnormal bleeding, or conditions like uterine fibroids, polyps, or adhesions (scar tissue) that may interfere with implantation or pregnancy. It can be both diagnostic and therapeutic, as it allows doctors to not only diagnose problems but also treat them during the procedure. For instance, fibroids, polyps, or scar tissue can be removed, improving the chances of conception. Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure with a quick recovery time, making it a valuable tool in fertility treatment.